Menstrual health is an important aspect of a woman’s overall well-being, yet it is often overlooked or dismissed. Understanding what is normal and what might be a cause for concern can help women take control of their reproductive health and seek medical advice when necessary. Here’s a closer look at common menstrual issues and signs that indicate it’s time to see a doctor.

1. Understanding Normal Menstrual Cycles

A typical menstrual cycle lasts between 21 to 35 days, with menstruation itself lasting about 2 to 7 days. The amount of blood lost can vary, but it’s generally about 30 to 80 milliliters per period. Slight variations in cycle length, flow, and symptoms are normal, but significant deviations may need medical evaluation.

2. Common Menstrual Issues

Several menstrual problems are commonly experienced by women, which can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and complications:

• Dysmenorrhea (Painful Periods): It’s normal to have some cramping during menstruation, but when the pain is severe enough to interfere with daily activities, it’s called dysmenorrhea. This condition can be primary (without an underlying cause) or secondary (due to conditions like endometriosis or fibroids).
• Menorrhagia (Heavy Bleeding): Some women experience abnormally heavy bleeding, where they may soak through one or more sanitary pads or tampons every hour. Menorrhagia can lead to anemia and severe fatigue and may be a sign of hormonal imbalances, polyps, fibroids, or other health issues.
• Amenorrhea (Absence of Periods): Primary amenorrhea occurs when a girl hasn’t started menstruating by age 15. Secondary amenorrhea is the absence of periods for three or more consecutive cycles in a woman who has menstruated before. Possible causes include pregnancy, stress, excessive weight loss, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or thyroid issues.
• Oligomenorrhea (Infrequent Periods): Irregular menstrual cycles that are longer than 35 days apart are termed oligomenorrhea. Factors like hormonal imbalances, PCOS, and lifestyle factors such as excessive exercise can cause this issue.
• Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): PMS includes symptoms like bloating, mood swings, and irritability that occur before menstruation. PMDD is a more severe form, with intense emotional and physical symptoms that can significantly affect daily life.

3. When to See a Doctor

While some menstrual discomforts are common and manageable, certain signs indicate that a visit to a healthcare professional is necessary:

• Severe Pain: If menstrual pain is severe and not relieved by over-the-counter pain medication, it could be a sign of underlying conditions like endometriosis or fibroids.
• Excessive Bleeding: If you’re changing pads or tampons every hour, passing large clots, or experiencing bleeding that lasts more than seven days, you should seek medical advice.
• Sudden Changes in Cycle: Any sudden changes in your menstrual cycle’s regularity, duration, or flow should be evaluated, especially if it’s a significant deviation from your normal pattern.
• Missed Periods: Missing periods for three consecutive cycles without a known reason like pregnancy warrants a check-up to rule out underlying health problems.
• Severe PMS or PMDD Symptoms: If premenstrual symptoms are so severe that they interfere with your ability to function, it’s important to discuss them with your doctor.
• Other Symptoms: Unexplained symptoms such as severe fatigue, dizziness, or shortness of breath, especially in conjunction with heavy periods, may indicate anemia or other health concerns and should be addressed promptly.

4. Seeking Help and Support

Menstrual health is a key indicator of overall health, and it’s essential not to ignore unusual symptoms or dismiss them as normal. If you experience any of the above issues or have concerns about your menstrual cycle, it’s crucial to seek professional medical advice.

At Humanity Hospital, we are committed to providing compassionate care and expert advice for all aspects of women’s health. Our dedicated team of gynecologists is here to help you understand your menstrual health, diagnose any underlying conditions, and provide effective treatment options. Don’t hesitate to reach out for the care you deserve. Your health and well-being are our priority.